I graduated from Tama Art University with a B. A. in 1997, researched at Inter Medium Institute in 1997-1998, and received a M. A. from Osaka University in 2001. I obtained a Ph. D. from Kyoto University of the Arts in 2012. In 2013, I published my doctoral dissertation, Paul Cézanne and the Steam Railway: A Transformation of Visual Perception induced by the Modern Technology, for which I received the Research Encouragement Award (Shuntaro Ito Award) of the Japan Society for Comparative Civilizations the following year. In 2010-2011, I served as a collaborate project researcher of Kyoto University’s Kokoro Research Center and oversaw the project “An Iconological Study of the Transformation of Mentality in the Modern Technological Environment.” I have taught at Sophia University, Shiga University of Medical Science, Kyoto University of the Arts, and Kyoto Notre Dame University.